Southern California (SoCal) is a geographic and cultural region in the southern part of California, encompassing ten counties: Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Kern, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Imperial. With a population of 23.76 million (as of 2020), it is one of the most populous regions in the United States.

A Region of Economic and Cultural Significance

SoCal is home to Los Angeles, the largest city in California, and San Diego, the second-most populous county in the state. The Greater Los Angeles area is the second-largest urban region in the U.S., known for its economic influence, entertainment industry, and cultural diversity. The region contributes significantly to the national economy, boasting a GDP of $1.95 trillion as of 2022.

Geography and Landscape

Southern California features diverse landscapes, ranging from bustling metropolitan areas to vast deserts and scenic coastlines. The region is bordered by:

• The Colorado Desert and Colorado River to the east, forming the boundary with Arizona.
• The Mojave Desert to the northeast, bordering Nevada.
• The Mexico–United States border, where Southern California meets Baja California.

The region’s vast desert areas, including Imperial County and parts of San Bernardino County, have seen discussions about potential county divisions due to economic and cultural differences compared to more urbanized areas.

Landmarks and Attractions

Southern California is renowned for its world-famous attractions, including:

• Hollywood – The global center of the entertainment industry.
• Disneyland Resort – One of the world’s most visited theme parks.
• Santa Monica Pier – A historic coastal destination.
• La Jolla – A picturesque coastal village in San Diego.
• Surfer-friendly beaches – Including Hermosa Beach and Black’s Beach.

With its rich history, economic power, and cultural diversity, Southern California remains a key region shaping the identity of the United States.