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Welcome to the CircuitPython Show.

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I'm your host, Paul Cutler.

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This episode I welcome Michael T.Rex Kadie.

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He is an engineer builder, an openly autistic adult, and the founder of SSI Racing.

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He earned a BS and MS in computer science from the University of Wyoming,

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with a systems and AI thesis dedicated to building a custom hardware software,

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augmentatives communication device, for two non-speaking children.

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That project set the trajectory.

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He spent the next three decades shipping embedded firmware, real-time systems, and production software across telephony,

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manufacturing, and wireless, including a stretch of staff engineer at Qualcomm,

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and along the way designed the battery management system used in the FDA-certified electric wheelchair,

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and a world-record-setting electric car that was on the main floor of the Detroit Auto Show for some reason.

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Today, through TSSFAA.com, which stands for T-Rex, successful, slightly famous autistic adult,

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He releases open source assistive devices built on CircuitPython.

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The main project is the TREX Talk family.

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Tactile AAC boards built around the Adafruit microcontrollers

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featuring the RP2040, RP2, and ESP32,

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with a new TREX Talk 3.0 generation moving to the RP2350-based

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Adafruit Fruit Jam and similar cores.

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Michael, welcome to the show.

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Thank you. Good to be here.

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How did you first get started with computers and electronics?

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I started with a Radio Shack 101 electronics kit and moved after that to a TRS 80 Model 1 computer,

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so I know how to program computers the hard way.

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Going all the way back to the TRS Model 1, is there a favorite computer you've had in the last 40 years over that time?

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Amiga's were definitely my favorite computers.

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They just did amazing things.

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How did you get started building communication?

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devices in the 90s?

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I was on a road trip with a friend's family, and there were three family members in

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wheelchairs, one of which I was assuming that because he wasn't able to communicate,

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that he wasn't smart.

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And as soon as I realized I was having this awful thought, I decided to do something about

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it.

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So for the rest of the road trip, we talked about what he can and can't do, and I was taking

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notes and inspired six to nine months later, I had sent him off a working full language system,

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which he then used to joining normalized seventh grade classroom. So amazing success.

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Well, that's pretty cool. Did that serve as the inspiration to the T-Rex Talk 3.0?

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A little bit, yeah. After I finished college, the iPhones were coming out, and there was

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some communication software on the iPhone.

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And I kind of figured that, hey, it's easier.

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People are getting everything they need now.

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And it was busy, kind of hyper-focused on work and all of that other stuff.

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And as I'm starting to think about what I want to do with the rest of my life,

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I was like, you know, that was the best thing I've ever done.

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I want to do that again.

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And it's like, oh, there's still holes.

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They're not as many as there used to be,

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but for what Michael was the name of the person I built the first one,

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people with no fine motor control skills,

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it's really hard to find good devices.

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So it's like, oh, I already know how to do that.

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On vacation, I met an adorable girl named Moana,

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who also can't communicate.

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And I was working on just a basic needs board for her.

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I was like, yeah, I can do this.

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And I got that sent to her within about six months with a lot of revisions internally.

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And lots of, she got a much nicer one than the one that I have laying around.

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She's still using it after a year.

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It's not fully filling the communication needs, but it does seem to get her more cause and effect reactions.

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So wonderful, and I'm going to try and work with them again and try to build a device to bring her into more interactive communications.

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Because that's her favorite toy.

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We can't do anything with that.

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That has to stay as it is.

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That's really neat.

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Thank you.

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Let's chat more about the T-Rex Talk 3.0.

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What is it and whom is it for?

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Okay, so I took the Moana device around and a friend of a friend had a stroke.

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And he's a former military person and one of the favorite things he had in his life was swearing.

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So he made the grumpy old man device, which is similar.

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But, you know, because it's newer, all of the things I learned went into the grumpy old man device.

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That was the version two.

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and there was a bunch of other stuff trying to build it into an open source ecosystem so that other people can come on.

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And then I went to open source, maker fares, and talked to a lot of people.

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And I found out about selective mutism, which is more preferred to be called involuntary nonverbal people.

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And for that, I was thinking, you know, a little credit card size device,

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kind of something that size that they could wear, have in a pocket.

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And when they are unable to communicate, it can just have a smash button that says

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whatever their instructions are, when they are unable to speak.

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And then it also, you know, I love rotary encoders.

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They're so fast as a full rotary encoder menuing system.

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to be able to, in theory, also do full language communication or quick needs access.

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And these were now three separate software bases.

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I was trying to figure out what wanted to be the kind of ultimate compute board,

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which I decided was definitely the 2350 PICO 2,

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And the CircuitPython 10 on their fruit jam device with the automatic SD card loading up,

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when you plug it in, was like, ah, because it's a pain in the tush to take the SD cards out and load them up.

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Because when we're talking about, especially my goal is to eventually have an SD card with 12 languages,

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kind of 50,000 words just to ship out.

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You don't want to have to do that through the CircuitPython,

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going back and forth to the SD card.

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You don't want to have to pull it out,

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stick it in the computer, and put it back.

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So it was like that kind of made me decide what the core is.

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Unfortunately, the base device draws too much power

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without removing parts.

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And I asked, and even for a reasonable order,

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size of like 100, they won't do any special runs.

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And that's fine.

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I already had three other versions of RP 2350 kind of circuits.

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So because they're open source and I'm open source, I'm taking their baseboard and integrating

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it into the next version of the device, getting rid of all of the stuff I don't need, which

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basically is just leaving me with the much nicer sound chip than I was using.

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and the QSPI microSD card and then the all of the pins PICO and according to the calculations

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with my own power circuits I have to add another chip to do some of the wake-up stuff

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I should be good for between four months and two years of idle time just quick launch on a

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regular 18650 battery.

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That's really impressive.

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Thank you. Thank you.

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And then part of the 3.0 was bringing all of these different disparage code bases together.

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And disparage AI or not, it was like it made it really easy to say,

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okay, here are three different code bases.

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Let's bring them together using kind of the class architecture that I'm fond of.

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the long variable names that I'm fond of.

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And, yeah, it's been wonderful.

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I would have never gotten the CYD version of the software working,

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which is an ESP 32 based with built-in touchscreen without Claude,

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because it would have just been like, no, no, your documentation is bad.

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I have better things to do.

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Whereas I was like, oh, you go try doing that.

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I'm going to work on the main stuff.

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And when you need help, you know, I have two computers, no waiting for me.

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I mean, one of the goals is that getting other people into the system to help build devices,

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especially for people that they know with unmet needs, having to send off for circuit boards,

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group bias or whatever, impedes it.

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And now we have the fruit jam.

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You plug it into a monitor.

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You plug in a keyboard.

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poof, you can run kind of nearly any version of the software, which is great for a developer.

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Now, with the CYD, there's a kit which comes with a speaker and a better sound without the sound

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problems that the typical one has.

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So you buy that kit for like under 20 bucks, a battery for 10 plastics, and now you've got a

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complete system

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touchscreen under 40 bucks

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so you can use

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this with no need for special

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hardware it's running

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the same source code with just changes

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in the configuration files

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which are text files with lots

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of explanations and meaningful

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names

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and so the 3.0 is

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really come forward

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it does have

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submenus which allows

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you know, you just say, here are my food and drink tasks.

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Hit that and then it's like you could go food and drink, fruit, apple.

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So we get you through just an enormous amount of possibilities in a very intuitive and quick fashion.

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And then it also has untested what I call the infinite lists items.

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So any selection can be something that speaks and has lights and vibration, haptic feedback, and all of that.

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That's options on all of these.

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You go to a sub-menu, and it can now go to a list menu.

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List menu is text only, lists are alphabetical, and it can be sentences and words.

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And this is what I did for Michael.

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So it allows you to select what I would call the A.

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human optimized fashion so that there's an intuition for parsing through this, not just some binary tree,

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which our brains don't think of well, to get to say what you want. And then, because I've been

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really inspired and productive sense vacation, I have it so that it now has a sub-program

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option. And the sub-programs are something which are for a group of autistic children,

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are going to be the first real bulk build.

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There's an annual charity run where they've bought 30,

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what they called stimbats, which are stimulation devices.

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Well, this one for them, it has tilt, it has a QR code reader,

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it has buttons, it vibrates, it's got a touchscreen, it's got colors,

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it's got sounds, all together.

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And I think it's going to come in with a,

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build material under $100.

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And then to go with that,

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we're going to have a bunch of

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interactive learning games

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and, you know,

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kind of stimulation response

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tailored to different needs

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or educational goals.

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Right now, I made a working

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training game where the device

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will speak a question

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to you and you select from the list of menus as to what the appropriate response is and it

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times you and it keeps high scores and in theory that should be engaging and it will get more

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engaging before open sauce is my big public release of everything except for this obviously and

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because I was in a mall waiting for my friend to get new glasses and there was a T-Rex

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squeaky rubber chicken equivalent, I thought, oh, the sippin puff sensors are something that

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exists in the open source, but the ones I saw weren't great. And egotistically, I thought,

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I think I can do something better. And not egotistically, I went and researched all of the other

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papers, all of the other write-ups. And that was so good because they mentioned what their

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weaknesses were. So right now, I've definitely tested the sip and puff to select and rotate

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through my communication device, and it works. Intuitive, all of that. I tested a little bit with the

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orientation, which could be on the straw. It could be on a little headband or something. That's

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as far as I got on that because where you put the sensor makes a world of difference in terms

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of how it's going to react, but it'll also work as a mouse. And in theory, it's also already

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working as an Xbox accessibility controller. Oh, that's great. Yeah, I mean, you just kind of,

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in software engineering in general, you kind of reach this kind of plateau where things are just

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coming together.

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And with CircuitPython, that plateau is really, really spinning out fast and easy.

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I mean, if I was doing this in C++, it was like, yeah, I would definitely have a good working

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system for Mojana and probably be at the 2.0 device stage.

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But I wouldn't trust anyone else to work on the source code.

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So would you say that's using CircuitPython sped up development for you?

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Oh, by orders of magnitude.

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I mean, I started using Python at work,

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and that definitely was a huge win.

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And then it's like, oh, CircuitPython is close enough that I can cleverly just write kind of,

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what's my processor, what's my OS,

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and have the same code work on a Windows machine,

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Raspberry Pi or CircuitPython device.

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And only the graphics change.

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I just knock out crazy number of devices.

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I have a reading slash nightlight that is running CircuitPython.

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It's also controllable over the Can Bus to be an indicator for automotive problems or solutions

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and a lot of other things.

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but mostly I've used it as a USB smack it,

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and I've got a nice, setable brightness,

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setable color light for traveling.

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Oh, nice.

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Speaking of automotive,

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tell me how CircuitPython came to be retrofitted

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into an antique car owned by Jay Leno.

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Okay, well, that's in progress.

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I used to do electric car conversions.

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Well, as my main gig,

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I still am electric vehicle engineer, but now I have a regular paycheck, and we were working with

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Jay Leno and his mechanics on a different project.

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And along came a garage find, or I'm sorry, a barn find of a 1911 Detroit electric car

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that was not restorable.

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And he decided he wanted to retro mod it.

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So he brought us on board a while ago, and it kind of,

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got a little momentum and then those were early days and you know kind of everyone was acquired

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or went out of business a few years later it came back and they were like okay we're back on

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the car we need some help and we have these gauges that we have no way to drive and some

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indicators and was like, okay, I'll take one of my utility boards, which used to run C, but it's

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been running CircuitPython for about the last five or six years. The ESP 32 gives you the Can Bus

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really easy. Some other chips do as well. And it's like, so I've just put that together, started writing

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some code to take advantage of the Can DBCs. So,

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I put together a version of my hardware for him, and it's much nicer than it would have been before.

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So it's like not only does it do what he needs it to do, but it's got a little OLED screen on it that displays whatever we want.

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I threw a rotary encoder in there so that we can run tests, run simulations, all of that.

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and then it all fits into an IP67 case,

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whether or not, it doesn't matter if the OLED or rotary encoders are in it or not,

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but for testing, that's just so easy to do.

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So they're very excited about that.

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They gave me all of the information.

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I'm supposed to get the gauges to start testing this week,

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and then in a few weeks I'll go out and start integrating on their vehicle.

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In the meantime, I took a four-channel audio mixer that also I made it to be an audio mixer,

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USB keyboard-like device, but also to be able to read and stimulate the Canbus because I can.

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Because I have all of these libraries that I've built over the years.

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It's just like suck them in, just say, uh, if Canbus, do this.

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and so I'm going to be programming that it has a big color screen to be able to emulate all of his systems

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so that we'll be able to do tests with nice displays as to what's happening and make sure that my

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device is properly calculating all of the calculations and then eventually we can plug it

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into his car if there's any problems, see what's going on and also be able to stimulate

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any missing input to get it going.

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Well, that's pretty neat.

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Last question I ask each guest.

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You're starting a new project or prototype.

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Which microcontroller board do you reach for?

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Well, if it needs can, I reach for an ESP 32.

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If it doesn't need can, I reach for PCO2 because the RP 2350,

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just has stupid good horsepower.

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Especially for the price.

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Yeah.

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Throw the P-S-RAM in it so that I can do animation on the screens.

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Michael, thanks so much for coming on the show.

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Thanks for having me.

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Have a wonderful weekend.

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Thank you for listening to the CircuitPython show.

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To learn more about Michael and the T-Rex Talk assistive devices, visit t-S-FAA.com.

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For show notes and transcript,

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visit CircuitPythonShow.com.

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.

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Until next time, stay positive.