Sutherland Shire plays a vital role in the economic framework of New South Wales, with a Gross Regional Product (GRP) estimated at $9.74 billion as of 2016, accounting for 1.9% of the state's Gross State Product. This economic contribution highlights the Shire's diverse industries, particularly in retail and nuclear science.

Retail Sector

The retail landscape in Sutherland Shire is robust, with major commercial hubs located in suburbs such as Miranda, Menai, Sylvania, Kirrawee, Caringbah, and Cronulla. Miranda stands out as the primary retail and commercial center, home to Westfield Miranda, one of the largest shopping centers in the area, along with the smaller Lederer Miranda and Kiora Centre.

Other significant shopping complexes include Southgate, located in Sylvania, and the vibrant retail scene in Cronulla, which offers numerous restaurants, cafes, surf stores, and clothing boutiques. Neighborhood shopping centers have emerged in areas like Bangor, Illawong, Kareela, Jannali, Yarrawarrah, and Menai, along with a small center in Alfords Point. The Gymea Shopping Village is a notable destination, featuring the Hazelhurst Regional Gallery and Arts Centre and a thriving café and restaurant scene that attracts visitors from across the region.

Nuclear Science

Sutherland Shire is also significant in the field of nuclear science, being the site of the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO)'s Lucas Heights research campus since 1956. The facility is home to several nuclear reactors, including HIFAR, MOATA, and OPAL. Historically, ANSTO conducted scientific research into the nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear medicine, and uranium enrichment techniques. This research was believed to have supported Australia’s early nuclear weapons program, which spanned from the Menzies government in the 1950s until the election of the Whitlam government in the early 1970s.

Overall, the economic landscape of Sutherland Shire is marked by a blend of retail vitality and a cutting-edge nuclear research facility, making it a unique region with diverse opportunities for growth and innovation.