Sutherland Shire possesses a unique cultural identity marked by insular localism and a rich surf culture. Anthony Redmond highlights this characteristic, noting the Shire’s high conservative voting patterns and its status as Sydney's second-largest Bible belt, reflecting the community's values and traditions.

The sporting landscape in Sutherland Shire is vibrant and diverse, with the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks being the area's major professional sports team in the National Rugby League. The team enjoys a dedicated following, with average game attendances ranging from 12,000 to 15,000 fans. In addition to rugby league, the Shire is home to the Southern Districts Rugby Club, known as the "Rebels," which competes in the premier grade rugby union league. The Sutherland Shire Football Association is recognized as the largest football association in the Southern Hemisphere, further highlighting the region's commitment to sports.

Notably, the Shire has produced exceptional triathletes, including four winners of the prestigious Ironman World Championships in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii: Greg Welch (1994), Michellie Jones (2006), Chris McCormack (2007 and 2010), and Craig Alexander (2008, 2009, and 2011). A resident of Sutherland Shire held the title for six consecutive years from 2006 to 2011, showcasing the area’s strength in endurance sports.

The local culture has also been captured in literature and media. The 1979 novel Puberty Blues by Gabrielle Carey and Kathy Lette portrays the lives of two girls from the Shire's lower middle class. This narrative was adapted into a film in 1981 and later into a TV series in 2012, both prominently featuring locations in Sutherland Shire, including Cronulla Beach and the southern campus of Caringbah High School.

Television has further explored life in the Shire through reality shows such as Sylvania Waters and The Shire, which follow the daily lives of residents, offering a glimpse into the unique community dynamics and local culture.

Sutherland Shire's blend of localism, sporting prowess, and cultural representation through media forms a vibrant tapestry that defines the community and fosters a strong sense of identity among its residents.