Executive Charter Bus Vancouver

Executive Charter Bus Vancouver

School bus rental

You're all set for a luxurious and memorable trip with Star Coach, where your comfort and satisfaction are their top priority. And with Star Coach, flexibility is at the forefront. While enjoying the spacious interiors of the Prevost H3-45 enhances your comfort, it's the advanced safety features that ensure your journey isn't only luxurious but also secure. Learn more about Executive Charter Bus Vancouver here They've left no stone unturned in integrating comprehensive safety measures that exceed industry standards.
You'll find that their reviews paint a picture of unparalleled luxury, reliability, and customer care that's hard to match.

Bus charter

  • Downtown bus rental
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
Transitioning to personal celebrations, luxury bus rental in Vancouver can significantly elevate your wedding transportation, ensuring that your guests arrive in style and comfort. Rates are transparent, with no hidden fees lurking to surprise you later.
And let's not forget the convenience of onboard restrooms. Once you've designed your ideal travel package, booking your luxury bus experience in Vancouver is the next step to making it a reality.

School bus rental

  1. Downtown Vancouver
  2. Airport transfer
  3. Community bus service
  4. Bus for hire
  5. Bus fleet
  6. Tour transportation
  7. Festival shuttle
  8. Luxury transportation
  9. Bus line
  10. Downtown bus rental
  11. Bus charter
  12. Corporate bus rental
  13. Bus excursion
  14. Metro Vancouver
  15. City tour bus
  16. Vancouver area
  17. Greater Vancouver
  18. Bus rental for tours
It's not just about the fuel, though.

Private bus rental

  1. Downtown Vancouver
  2. Airport transfer
  3. Community bus service
  4. Bus for hire
  5. Bus fleet
  6. Tour transportation
  7. Festival shuttle
  8. Luxury transportation
  9. Bus line
  10. Downtown bus rental
  11. Private bus rental
  12. Bus leasing
  13. Team travel
  14. Luxury bus rental
  15. Lower Mainland BC
  16. Bus services
  17. Comfortable bus rental
  18. Event transportation
  19. Bus hire

Moreover, our drivers aren't just skilled at navigating the busy streets of Vancouver; they're ambassadors of hospitality, trained to offer a service that goes beyond just driving. They've even thought about the payment process, making it secure and varied in options, catering to what works best for you. It's not just about getting from point A to B; it's about elevating the entire experience. Learn more about Private Charter Buses in Vancouver here.

Furthermore, we adhere to all local and national safety regulations, regularly updating our protocols to meet the highest standards. Let's peel back the layers to uncover the essence of luxury travel with Star Coach's executive fleet. Want to spend the morning exploring the vibrant art scene in Mount Pleasant before heading to Granville Island for lunch? After exploring our onboard entertainment options, let's not forget that your safety is our top priority as we cruise through Vancouver. You're not just getting from point A to point B; you're making a statement.

You'll have a tailored experience that's as unique as your group, with the flexibility to adjust on the go, ensuring your Vancouver visit is nothing short of extraordinary. Together, we can make a significant impact on the environment, one journey at a time. While customizing your luxury experience, it's crucial to emphasize that your safety and comfort always come first with Star Coach. This open channel of communication ensures that your voice is always heard and valued.

Stick around, and you'll discover how their legacy, combined with an unwavering commitment to excellence, has not only captured but retained the attention and loyalty of a discerning customer base.

Luxury bus rental

  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
Overhead, spacious compartments easily accommodate your carry-on, keeping essentials within reach while maintaining an uncluttered space.

Lower Mainland BC

  1. Bus fleet
  2. Tour transportation
  3. Festival shuttle
  4. Luxury transportation
  5. Bus line
  6. Downtown bus rental
  7. Metro Vancouver
  8. City tour bus
  9. Vancouver area
  10. Greater Vancouver
  11. Bus rental for tours
  12. Private bus rental
  13. Bus leasing
  14. Team travel
  15. Luxury bus rental
  16. Lower Mainland BC
Whether it's a corporate retreat, a major conference, or a special celebration, discover why choosing Star Coach could be the game-changer for your next event. Metro Vancouver Now, let's explore the variety and sophistication of the fleet that sets Star Coach apart in luxury travel.

To secure your booking, a deposit is required, with the balance due closer to your departure date. Moreover, their booking process is straightforward and transparent. It's truly luxury on wheels.

Corporate bus rental

  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
Star Coach has made it incredibly easy to book your bus rental well in advance, giving you peace of mind and more time to focus on other aspects of your trip.

VIP Bus Rental Vancouver

As of 2016, the Port of Vancouver is the fourth-largest port by tonnage in the Americas, the busiest and largest in Canada, and the most diversified port in North America. While forestry remains its largest industry, Vancouver is well known as an urban centre surrounded by nature, making tourism its second-largest industry. Major film production studios in Vancouver and nearby Burnaby have turned Greater Vancouver and nearby areas into one of the largest film production centres in North America, earning it the nickname "Hollywood North"

Citations and other links

Vancouver Executive VIP Bus

They understand that it's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about how you get there.

Metro Vancouver

  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
Whether you're dreaming of a classic, elegant arrival or a more modern, whimsical entrance, they've got you covered. Another success story comes from a bride who used Star Coach for her wedding day. After customizing your travel experience with Star Coach, you'll find their booking process to be equally straightforward and user-friendly.

City tour bus

  • Bus excursion
  • Metro Vancouver
  • City tour bus
  • Vancouver area
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
Need WiFi to keep everyone connected on the go?

You're not just traveling in style; you're also contributing to a healthier planet. From GPS tracking to state-of-the-art emergency systems, we've equipped our buses with the tools needed to respond effectively to any situation. By exploring what makes Star Coach the go-to choice, you'll uncover insights that could redefine your expectations for luxury travel. That's why we offer customizable itineraries and schedules.

Wi-Fi connectivity is a given, allowing you to stay connected, whether it's catching up on work or streaming your favorite shows. When you're planning a corporate event or organizing travel for a large group, you want the assurance that transportation will be the least of your worries. Our commitment to exceptional customer service sets us apart, ensuring your satisfaction from the moment you book with us. Star Coach Bus Rentals empower you to tailor your Vancouver journey, ensuring each destination on your itinerary aligns perfectly with your group's preferences and interests.

If you're organizing a tour, our buses ensure that everyone enjoys the journey as much as the destination, with amenities that make long trips feel short and sweet. We haven't forgotten about refreshments, either. We've handpicked every coach for its advanced features, including plush seating, ample legroom, state-of-the-art entertainment systems, and climate control, to ensure your journey is as comfortable as it's memorable. We believe in the power of sustainable travel and are dedicated to implementing eco-friendly practices across our operations.

Vancouver Executive VIP Bus
Vancouver Chauffeured Charter Bus

Vancouver Chauffeured Charter Bus

Plus, with the ability to book months in advance, you can secure the best rates and guarantee that your transportation is all set. And for those who prefer quiet time, noise-canceling headphones are provided to help you find your peace. Hear what travelers say about their experiences with Star Coach Bus Rentals, showcasing the impact of choosing eco-friendly transportation in Vancouver. Whether you're planning a corporate retreat, a glamorous wedding, or a spirited sports event, they've got you covered. In addition, Star Coach has implemented a robust COVID-19 response, including enhanced cleaning protocols and social distancing measures, to ensure your health and well-being during these unprecedented times.

In essence, the glowing testimonials and positive reviews are a testament to Star Coach's dedication to providing a first-class transport service. Moreover, opting for luxury bus rental means you're also choosing reliability and efficiency. Imagine gliding along the Sea-to-Sky Highway, with its stunning vistas of the Pacific Ocean and towering mountains, all from the plush seats of your private coach. You're not just renting a bus; you're investing in an experience that's tailored to meet the highest expectations.

Each seat comes equipped with personal entertainment systems, ensuring you're entertained throughout your journey.

Vancouver area

  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
With Star Coach, your travel becomes more than a journey-it becomes an experience designed just for you. You've probably heard the theory that luxury transportation can significantly elevate a city's tourism experience, but have you ever wondered just how much of an impact it truly has? Choosing our luxury bus rentals means prioritizing your comfort and space, transforming your group travel experience from merely functional to genuinely enjoyable.

You'll appreciate knowing that every trip you take contributes to a greener planet. Private bus rental Each vehicle undergoes regular, comprehensive checks to ensure every mechanical component operates flawlessly. Whether you're planning a wedding, corporate event, school trip, or a special night out with friends, their fleet of high-end buses can accommodate your group with unparalleled elegance. Whether it's premier event transportation, guided sightseeing tours, or corporate services, they seem to effortlessly exceed expectations.



Corporate bus rental

  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental

Vancouver VIP Tour Bus

And for those who thirst for adventure, the outskirts offer unparalleled natural beauty, just a comfortable drive away. Here, you'll have the option to fill out a detailed form with your travel requirements, or you can simply jot down their contact number to give them a call whenever it suits you. Moreover, we understand that travel preferences vary. From the moment you reach out to us, we're listening to what you want and need, ensuring that every detail of your trip is personalized just for you.

Plus, with onboard amenities like Wi-Fi, power outlets, and comfortable seating, you can work, relax, or socialize on the go. They've set the bar high, integrating advanced safety measures and rigorous maintenance protocols to give you peace of mind. Our fleet consistently sets the standard for quality, ensuring every ride you take is nothing short of exceptional.

You're provided with a fleet of luxury buses that cater to any corporate requirement, whether it's shuttling employees to a conference, entertaining clients with a city tour, or organizing a team-building retreat. From the plush, reclining leather seats that cradle you in comfort to the ambient lighting that sets the perfect mood, we've got everything covered. Regular inspections and servicing by our team of expert technicians mean you'll never have to worry about safety or reliability.

They monitor traffic conditions in real time, adapting as needed to keep your arrival on schedule.

Vancouver area

  • School bus rental
  • Affordable bus rental
  • Group transportation
  • Shuttle service
  • Bus charter
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Metro Vancouver
  • City tour bus
  • Vancouver area
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
They've got the experts. Got a question?

Vancouver VIP Tour Bus
Exclusive VIP Bus Service Vancouver
Exclusive VIP Bus Service Vancouver

It's like stepping into a private retreat where the hustle and bustle of the outside world fades away. Star Coach prides itself on transparent pricing, so you won't be caught off guard by hidden fees. You'll notice that each bus boasts state-of-the-art amenities, including plush seating, advanced entertainment systems, and climate control, ensuring your journey is as comfortable as it can be. You'll find the overhead compartments and underfloor storage areas surprisingly generous, allowing you to bring along everything you need without the usual hassle. Plus, the onboard entertainment options are designed to make the miles fly by.
Their team goes above and beyond to accommodate your schedule, preferences, and any special requests you might have. They understand that your journey isn't just about getting from point A to B; it's about how you feel throughout the experience. Each seat is designed to offer the utmost in relaxation, ensuring a smooth ride from start to finish. You'll first visit their website or give them a call.
Star Coach's luxury bus rentals are the perfect solution for any event, ensuring your transportation needs are met with style and comfort.

School bus rental

  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
Next, input your contact information and any special requests you might have. Read more about Executive Charter Bus Vancouver here Navigating the bustling streets and scenic routes, we take into account real-time traffic updates, construction detours, and local events that might impact your journey. Furthermore, the coach is fitted with a Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS), alerting you if you're unintentionally drifting out of your lane.
Each seat is equipped with personal charging stations, ensuring your devices stay powered up while you're on the move.

School bus rental

  • Corporate bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Metro Vancouver
  • City tour bus
  • Vancouver area
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Team travel
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
Think champagne on ice, a red carpet service, and vehicles adorned with ribbons and flowers to match your wedding colors. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour, we've got a pricing plan that'll suit your needs. Once you step aboard a Star Coach bus, you'll quickly discover the exceptional onboard services that set them apart.

Bus excursion

  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service
  • Bus for hire
  • Bus fleet
  • Tour transportation
  • Festival shuttle
  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus line
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus services
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Event transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Airport transfer
  • Community bus service

Executive Bus Charter Vancouver

They actively work on reducing waste and promoting recycling within their operations. With their recent upgrade to include high-end buses, they're offering an experience that combines comfort with luxury, making it an enticing option for those looking to elevate their travel experience without compromising on practicality.

Affordable bus rental

  1. Luxury bus rental
  2. Lower Mainland BC
  3. Bus services
  4. Comfortable bus rental
  5. Event transportation
  6. Bus hire
  7. Downtown Vancouver
  8. Airport transfer
  9. Community bus service
  10. Bus for hire
  11. Bus fleet
  12. Tour transportation
  13. Festival shuttle
  14. Luxury transportation
  15. Bus line
  16. Downtown bus rental
  17. Group transportation
  18. Shuttle service
  19. Bus charter
Inside, you'll find clean, spacious seating, climate control, and entertainment options to make your trip enjoyable. Once you've decided on the perfect travel package, you won't have to jump through hoops to secure your reservation.
In an era where environmental consciousness is paramount, Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals prioritizes eco-friendly transportation options for all its passengers. Star Coach understands the essence of group dynamics and tailors services to meet your needs, whether it's for corporate events, school field trips, or leisurely tours. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a family reunion, or a school trip, these packages let you pick routes, destinations, and stops that cater specifically to your group's interests.
Prefer a scenic route? With a range of vehicles from luxury coaches to minibusses, they've got your transportation needs covered, no matter the size of your party. It's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about enjoying the journey without breaking the bank.
They're ready to assist you with any changes or additional requests to ensure your trip is exactly how you envisioned it. While signature amenities enhance your journey, the comfort and space provided by our luxury buses ensure a truly relaxing travel experience. You'll find yourself surrounded by an environment that's both elegant and equipped to cater to your every need.

Explore Executive Charter Bus Vancouver here
Executive Bus Charter Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

[edit]
Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

[edit]

A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

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The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

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Anglo-Saxon charters

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Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

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The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

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A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

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A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

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A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

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Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

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Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

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In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

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A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

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A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

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In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

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[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

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