Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver

Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver

Senior group travel

They're clean, spacious, and, most importantly, ensure that your journey is uninterrupted. Long-distance bus Star Coach elevates your special day with bespoke wedding packages designed to complement their premier event transportation, ensuring your journey to the altar is as memorable as the ceremony itself. Understanding the complexities of Vancouver's roadways, we've mastered strategic route planning to ensure your travel is as efficient and timely as possible. They're trained to navigate Vancouver's streets with precision, ensuring your journey isn't only comfortable but safe. Learn more about Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver here This flexibility makes it easy to tailor your travel plans to your group's exact requirements.
Delving into the luxurious interior of Star Coach's buses, you'll find an array of exclusive onboard amenities designed to cater to your every need. You're not just hiring a bus; you're securing a team dedicated to making your journey as comfortable and hassle-free as possible. Plus, if you have any questions or need to tailor your rental to specific requirements, Star Coach's customer support is just a call or an email away, ready to assist you with efficiency and friendliness. Their professional drivers navigate the city with ease, ensuring you arrive at your destinations refreshed and ready to explore. Learn more about Private Charter Buses in Vancouver here.
Dive into multiplayer games that you can enjoy with fellow passengers, turning travel time into playtime. You're no longer limited to the traditional, cramped modes of transportation for your team's travel needs. Their drivers are seasoned professionals, handpicked for their experience and expertise. Star Coach goes beyond just providing a bus; they tailor your travel experience to meet your specific needs and preferences.
And don't worry, if you've got questions or need to adjust your plans, our customer service team is just a call or an email away. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a school trip, or a private tour around Vancouver, they've got you covered. Bus transportation Your satisfaction drives us.

Metro Vancouver

  1. Tour bus rental
  2. Bus packages
  3. Travel coach
  4. Private bus rental
  5. Long-distance bus
  6. Metro Vancouver
  7. Motor coach rental
  8. Bus hire
  9. Tour bus rental
  10. Bus packages
  11. Travel coach
  12. Private bus rental
  13. Long-distance bus
  14. Metro Vancouver
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Star Coach seems to have a knack for making each client feel like their needs are a top priority.

Mark, who organized a corporate retreat with Star Coach, mentioned, 'It's rare you find a service that impresses your bosses and supports eco-friendly practices. You've probably experienced your fair share of group travel nightmares, where the only luxury was a window seat. Private bus rental You won't have to worry about cramped legs or a stiff neck; there's ample room to stretch out and relax. You're saying yes to cutting-edge, environmentally friendly travel.

Birthday parties, anniversaries, or even a day out with a large group of friends become extraordinary experiences with our service. Securing your luxury bus rental with Star Coach is a straightforward and hassle-free process. Highly trained and knowledgeable about the best routes in and around Vancouver, they ensure your journey is safe, comfortable, and on time.

Consider it done. Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for reliability and high standards.

Metro Vancouver

  • Private bus rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Metro Vancouver
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They've thought of everything to ensure your peace of mind.

You won't find a one-size-fits-all approach here. It's not just a ride; it's an experience that elevates your group travel to the next level. If you're unsure about what you need, their customer service team is readily available to guide you through the options and ensure you're getting exactly what you want.

Senior group travel

Festival Shuttle Buses Vancouver

Vancouver is a major city in Western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2021 Canadian census recorded 662,248 people in the city, up from 631,486 in 2016. The Metro Vancouver area had a population of 2.6 million in 2021, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada. Greater Vancouver, along with the Fraser Valley, comprises the Lower Mainland with a regional population of over 3 million. Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada, with over 5,700 inhabitants per square kilometre (15,000/sq mi), and the fourth highest in North America (after New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City).

Citations and other links

Exclusive Bus Transportation Vancouver

Their fleet boasts the latest in eco-friendly technology. From seamless booking processes to comprehensive safety measures and exceptional customer service, every aspect of your journey is meticulously planned and executed. Star Coach thought of everything!'Emily, a wedding planner, mentions, 'Choosing Star Coach for the wedding party transport was one of the best decisions I've made. They promise to make your special occasion unforgettable, with seamless transportation that's just as memorable as the event itself. They also focus on maintenance practices that ensure the buses operate at peak efficiency, further minimizing their environmental impact.

She booked a trip for her wedding party and was moved by the extra touches our team added. 'They made us feel so special, adding to the joy of our big day,' she said. Whether it's a corporate event, a school outing, or a luxurious wedding, they've got you covered with unparalleled professionalism and attention to detail. Imagine stepping onto a luxury bus, where every detail is catered to your enjoyment. When you choose us for your travel needs in Vancouver, you're not just getting a ride; you're embarking on a premier experience that's unmatched in the industry.

It's a thoughtful touch that shows your guests how much you value their comfort and experience, making your big day even more unforgettable. At Star Coach, it's not just about getting you to your destination; it's about making sure you enjoy every step of the journey.

Licensed bus operators

  • Executive bus charter
  • Bus hire
  • Tour bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Travel coach
  • Private bus rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Metro Vancouver
  • Motor coach rental
  • Executive bus charter
  • Bus hire
  • Tour bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Travel coach
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  • Long-distance bus
  • Metro Vancouver
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  • Executive bus charter
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It's clear that their dedication to customer satisfaction isn't just a part of their business model; it's what sets them apart in the Vancouver bus rental market. You're not just picking a bus; you're customizing your journey.

You'll find each vehicle in their fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced GPS tracking, to keep you on the safest route and allow for real-time location updates. Want Wi-Fi connectivity, onboard entertainment, or refreshments? You're no longer just moving from point A to B; you're embarking on a journey that's as memorable as the destinations themselves. Moreover, Star Coach's commitment to safety and comfort means you won't have to worry about the practicalities.

Exclusive Bus Transportation Vancouver
Chauffeured Bus Transportation Vancouver

Chauffeured Bus Transportation Vancouver

After exploring the luxurious lift wedding transportation can offer, let's now consider how luxury bus rentals in Vancouver redefine group travel, taking it far beyond the basics. But beyond the obvious perks, there's an underlying story of sustainability and customer satisfaction that might just pique your interest. They also run special promotions and discounts at different times of the year, giving you the opportunity to save even more. Your desires shape the route. That's possible too.
This flexibility allows you to select the perfect vehicle to match the vibe and scale of your occasion, guaranteeing that your transport is as memorable as the event itself. But the question remains: does this upscale approach to group transport genuinely enhance the overall appeal of Vancouver as a travel destination? Let's be part of your next occasion, and we'll ensure it's as memorable as the event itself. You'll be pleased to know that their fleet includes buses that are designed to reduce emissions, making your travel not just luxurious but also kind to the environment.
Whether you're organizing a corporate event, a family reunion, or a school trip, there's a package that's right for you. Bus transportation From the moment you reach out for a booking, you're met with a team eager to tailor every detail to your preferences. Read more about Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver here As the sun rises over the Vancouver skyline, Star Coach isn't just changing the game; it's rewriting the playbook for premium bus rental services. Need to stay connected?
Whether you're planning a grand wedding entrance, a corporate event, or a casual group outing, our executive fleet matches your needs with elegance and efficiency. You'll find their commitment to comfort, style, and safety isn't just lip service; it's woven into the very fabric of their service.

Travel coach

  • Vancouver
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Luxury bus rental
  • School bus rental
  • Mini coach rental
  • Group transportation
  • Bus charter
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Tour transportation
  • Charter vehicle
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Vancouver area
  • Bus provider
  • Motor coach rental
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Vancouver BC
  • Convention transport
  • Metro Vancouver
  • Custom bus rental
With your customized travel plan in place, booking your trip with Star Coach Bus Rentals is an effortless process. Free Wi-Fi, charging ports for your devices, and onboard entertainment systems mean you'll stay connected and entertained, no matter how long the road ahead.

Deluxe Corporate Coach Vancouver

Having explored the exceptional customer service that sets Star Coach apart, let's now focus on the versatile rental solutions they offer to meet any need you may have. However, Star Coach promises to change that narrative with its fleet of luxury buses, each outfitted with amenities that you might not even find in your living room. They understand that their reputation rides on every journey, and they're committed to exceeding your expectations. Metro Vancouver Our services are flexible enough to cater to a variety of occasions, ensuring that whether it's a professional gathering or a personal celebration, your needs are prioritized.

They offer everything from luxury coaches for large groups to smaller, more intimate buses for exclusive gatherings. It's like having an extra set of eyes that constantly monitors road conditions, keeping you safe when the weather turns bad. By opting for their services, you're not just getting from point A to B; you're actively participating in a movement towards a greener planet.

Don't miss the chance to marvel at the architectural wonder of Canada Place, its sail-like design a beacon on the waterfront, symbolizing Vancouver's seafaring heritage. With just a few clicks, you can secure your elite bus rental in Vancouver.

Licensed bus operators

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  2. Long-distance bus
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  8. Long-distance bus
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They've also embraced renewable energy sources where possible, further reducing their ecological impact.

Each vehicle is equipped with the latest safety technologies and is maintained to the highest standards, ensuring that your journey isn't only comfortable but also secure. After experiencing the unmatched comfort of their rides, you'll also be impressed by the stylish fleet options Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals offers. It extends to scheduling, route planning, and even on-board services.

Bus hire

  • Bus line
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  • British Columbia
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Motor coach rental

Deluxe Corporate Coach Vancouver
Luxury Minibus Vancouver
Luxury Minibus Vancouver

You've likely heard their name mentioned among circles planning upscale events or corporate gatherings.

Bus packages

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  • Long-distance bus
  • Metro Vancouver
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  • Metro Vancouver
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Their fleet includes a range of luxury vehicles, from sleek sedans for the happy couple to spacious buses for guests, ensuring everyone arrives in style and comfort. Metro Vancouver You'll find plush seating that makes long trips feel like a breeze, Wi-Fi to keep you connected, and entertainment systems to keep boredom at bay. For those who prefer a personal touch, our dedicated customer service team is on standby.

They'll work closely with you to understand your preferences and ensure the onboard amenities reflect the exclusivity of your event. That's why every driver in their team isn't just experienced; they're also thoroughly vetted and trained in advanced safety protocols. You're not just getting a ride; you're stepping into a seamlessly organized service designed to cater to your needs, schedules, and preferences.

From state-of-the-art sound systems to flat-screen TVs, you're in for a treat whether you're looking to relax or stay entertained. Don't worry if you're not exactly sure about your itinerary; you can adjust your reservation details later on. This level of personalized service, she mentioned, made her special day even more memorable.

From engine checks to safety feature tests, every aspect of the bus is meticulously examined and serviced. They can do that. Prioritizing your safety, we adhere to rigorous safety and maintenance standards for all our luxury buses.

Vancouver Executive Limousine Coach

They're ready to adapt, ensuring your tailored tour package remains exactly how you envisioned it, even if your vision evolves. Each bus in the fleet is fitted with plush, reclining leather seats, ensuring a ride that's not just comfortable but truly first-class. Moreover, the attention to detail in the amenities provided ensures that your journey is as enjoyable as the destination itself. Festival shuttle With their unmatched fleet quality, tailored luxury experiences, and advanced onboard amenities, you're in for a travel experience that sets new standards. Bus packages
It's all about making the journey fit your needs, not the other way around. It's not just a ride; it's your gateway to discovering the very soul of Vancouver, making every moment aboard as memorable as the destinations themselves. Connectivity's not an issue either.

Tour bus rental

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  2. Executive bus charter
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  20. Motor coach rental

Moreover, Star Coach's drivers aren't just behind the wheel; they're the front line of the commitment to safety. As you settle into your spacious seat, you'll find yourself surrounded by features designed to cater to your every need. Each package is designed to offer flexibility, allowing you to adjust your itinerary based on what's most important to your group.
The interiors of these buses are designed with your comfort and enjoyment in mind.

Long-distance bus

  1. Luxury transportation
  2. Affordable bus rental
  3. Group tour bus
  4. Vancouver region
  5. Wedding bus rental
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  8. Airport transfer
  9. Senior group travel
  10. Bus excursion
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  12. Charter transportation
  13. Bus driver service
  14. Casino shuttle
  15. Bus line
  16. Community bus service
  17. Travel coach
  18. Charter shuttle service
  19. British Columbia
Moreover, we're passionate about educating our staff and passengers on the importance of sustainability. No matter the size of your group or the nature of your journey, they've got the vehicle that's just right for you.

Explore Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver here
Vancouver Executive Limousine Coach
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

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Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
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  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

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